Incidence of Congenital Anomalies of Collecting System of Kidneys in Pakistan.

Abstract

Duplication of ureters are among the most common congenital anomalies of the urinary tract. The ureter may be duplicated throughout its entire length or may be double for only a portion of the distance from bladder to kidney, resulting in a Y-shaped ureter. Double ureter is commonly associated with bifid pelvis and kidney, it is only very rarely associated with the supernumerary kidneys. Double ureter may be asymptomatic but more frequently presents with recurrent urinary tract infections. This anomaly of urinary tract is linked with teratogen factors: chromosomal anomalies, hormonal factors, infections, radiations, and some drugs. The seriousness of the clinical symptoms and morphological alterations will determine that patient needs a urological surgery, or the conservative treatment should be preferred. In order to update the local data present research is carried out. It is found that this anomaly is not gender specific. The chances of unilateral or bilateral defect are not different.