PROFILE OF CONVENTIONAL RISK FACTORS IN PATIENTS PRESENTING FOR CORONARY ANGIOGRAPHY IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21649/akemu.v20i1.591Abstract
ABSTRACT:
Introduction:
The conventional risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD) include hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidaemia and cigarette smoking(1). There is a large body of evidence, which implicates these factors in the causation of coronary artery disease.
Objective:
To study the pattern of the above-mentioned as well as additional risk factors including age, gender, family history, obesity and hepatitis B and C seropositivity in the population of patients undergoing coronary angiography at our tertiary care hospital.
Methodology:
In this cross-sectional survey, 465 patients undergoing coronary angiography were studied using a questionnaire as well as clinical and laboratory data. The information obtained included age, sex, clinical presentation, past medical history, family history, the presence or absence of previous ischemic heart disease, diabetes, hypertension and a history of smoking. A history of duration of diabetes and hypertension, their treatment and the presence or absence of complications was also noted. A proportion of patients had their fasting blood lipid levels measured. Height, weight and waist circumference as well as HepBsAg and anti-HCV levels were also determined.
Results:
The 465 patients studied included 383 males and 82 females. The mean age of all patients was 49.68 ± 0.464 years and the difference between genders was not significant. A past history of ischaemic heart disease was present in 31% of patients. Diabetes mellitus was present in 23% of males and 45% of females. A history of hypertension was present in 30.8% males and 70.7% of the females. Of the patients who could be studied, the mean LDL was 110.29 ± 1.706 mg/dL, the mean HDL was 41.01 ± 0.319 mg/dL and the mean TG was 189.67 ± 4.21 mg/dL. The difference in lipid profile values between male and female patients was not significant (p-value >0.05). Waist circumference was increased in 69.7% males and 93.9% females and here the difference between genders was significant ,HepBsAg alone was present in 3.9% patients and together with anti-HCV in 1.1% patients. Anti-HCV antibodies alone were present in 10.5% of patients. In all, almost 90% patients had at least one of the conventional risk factors.
Conclusion:
This study shows that conventional risk factors for ischaemic heart disease are present to a significant degree in our population of patients in whom coronary angiography is considered necessary, and should be targeted for prevention and control.
Key words:
Coronary heart disease, conventional risk factors, hypertension, diabetes, coronary angiography.
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