FREQUENCY OF CUTANEOUS MANIFESTATIONS IN PATIENTS Of END STAGE RENAL DISEASE ON HAEMO-DIALYSIS

Abstract

Abstract

Background:  Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a serious disease in which some type of replacement (renal transplant or dialysis) is required. End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) is the name given to Stage 5 CKD. Various cutaenous manifestations are associated with it which may be due to the disease itself or caused by its treatment.

Objectives:  This study was conducted to determine the frequency of cutaneous manifestations in patients

Iftikhar U.¹

Senior Registrar, Department of Dermatology Unit - II, Mayo Hospital, Lahore

Anees M.²

Head of Nephrology Department

KEMU / Mayo Hospital, Lahore

Nadeem M.³

Associate Professor, Department of Dermatology Unit - I

KEMU / Mayo Hospital, Lahore

Aman S.⁴

Head of Dermatology Department

SIMS / Services Hospital, Lahore

Kazmi A.H.⁵

Registrar / Chairman Department of Dermatology

KEMU / Mayo Hospital, Lahore

of end stage renal disease undergoing haemodialysis.

Material and Methods:  One hundred patients under-going maintenance haemodialyis in the Department of Nephrology, KEMU / Mayo Hospital, Lahore were examined from January to June, 2011, through spe-cially designed proformas, to determine the presence of cutaneous manifestations in these patients.

Results:  There were 58 males and 42 females with a mean age of 50 ± 4 years. Overall frequency of cuta-neous manifestations was 82%. The commonest find-ings were xerosis 78% and pruritus 64%. Others were pallor 62%, hyperpigmentation 54%, nail changes 48%, infections 37%, hair changes 35% and mucosal changes 22%. Some rare manifestations seen were arteriovenous shunt dermatitis, acquired perforating disorders, calcification and nephrogenic fibrosing der-matopathy.

Conclusion:  Cutaneous and mucosal findings are a common problem in patients of ESRD and those undergoing long-term haemodialysis. The commonest are xerosis and pruritus followed by involvement of hair, nails and mucous membranes.

Key Words:  Chronic kidney disease, End stage renal disease, Haemodialysis, Xerosis.