Chemical Biomarker Study of Negative Physiological Effects of Insecticides on Pakistani Farm Workers Health in the Central Punjab
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21649/akemu.v22i3.1396Keywords:
Key words, Pesticides, Biomarkers, Environmental toxicology, Public health, Butyrylcholinesterase (BC-hE) activity, LFT, RFT, practices.Abstract
Abstract
Background:  In recent decades, use of pesticides in agricultural practices has posed threat to human popu-lation.
Objectives:  Present research was designed to explore the adverse effects of insecticides on 339 individuals (study group farmers n = 256 and control n = 83) selected from 62 different sites of central Punjab. The sample was matched on socio-economic status and age.
Methodology:  A structured questionnaire was used to obtain the demographics and pesticide related details. For biochemical analysis blood samples were collected from both groups.
Results:Biochemical analysis shows that, farmers exposed with pesticidehave significant elevated levels of Urea (p = 0.05) and alanine transaminase (ALT) (p= 0.01) as compared with control. On contrary, low levels of BChE, albumin and total protein (TP) levels (p = 0.001; p = 0.05 and p = 0.001 respectively) were found in pesticide exposed subjects than controls. Also, significant increase in serum creatinine (p = 0.01), aspartate transaminase (AST) (p = 0.01) and notable decrease in the albumin, TP and BChE (p = 0.001) were evident in farmers with poor protective measures. However the statistical difference is not correlated with clinical difference.
Conclusions:  Several biomarkers have shown the possible hazards of pesticides to farmer’s health than controls. It was further explored that health indicators also associated with other factors like duration of ex-posure to pesticides, tobacco smoking and poor hand-ling practices amongst the studied population.
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