An analysis of etiologies, patterns and treatment modalities of fracture mandible

Abstract

Etiologies of maxillofacial trauma, and thus the pattern of fractures, differ in various setups depending upon socioeconomic status, life style, type of industry, and out door activities. All these factors further dictate on management of these cases. Record of 457 cases of fracture mandible was reviewed to analyze the incidence, pattern of fractures and various treatment modalities. It included 384 males and 73 females with second and third decades of life being most commonly involved age subgroups. Isolated mandible fractures were noted in 345 (75.49%) cases while in rest of the 112 (24.51%) cases either zygomatic bone or maxilla or both of them were also found involved. Most common etiology was road traffic accidents recorded in 230 (50.33%) cases, followed by fall from height in 114 cases. Body of mandible was the most commonly effected area, i.e. 177 (38.73%) cases, followed by parasymphysis region in 139 (30.42%) cases. A total of 317 (69.37%) cases were treated with closed reduction and intermaxillary fixation and 108 (23.63%) cases had open reduction and fixation with interosseous wiring or miniplates.