Incidence of colorectal carcinoma in patients with bleeding per rectum

Abstract

Objectives: To determine the incidence of carcinoma of rectum and sigmoid colon in patients with bleeding per rectum using sigmoidoscope(rigid). Design Observational and interventional study. Setting A total of 231 patients attending surgical outpatient department from 1-1-2000 to 31-12-2002 with complaints of bleeding per rectum. Interventions: Per rectal digital and sigmoidoscopic examination was done in all patients. Biopsy taken of all ulcers, bleeding or hyperemic areas, polyps and growths and histological examination was done to determine the true positive case of rectal or sigmoid colon cancer. Results: Endoscopic Examination completed in 204 subjects. Three rectal and one growth at recto sigmoid junction were found (frequency 1.96%) three were males and one was female. The two growths in rectum were polypoid and one was annular involving whole circumference. The growth at recto sigmoid junction was fungating mass. All were Aden carcinoma. Three were well differentiated and one moderately differentiated sigmoidoscopy identified bleeding source in 197 subjects (96.6%). No significant complication was observed. Conclusion: Rectal and sigmoid carcinoma is less frequent in our population than western community. Sigmoidoscopy (rigid) is an important diagnostic tool in evaluation of bleeding per rectum with less frequent complications.